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Bf 109 K-4

Description

Indicated stall speed in flight configuration: 167..190 km/h
Indicated stall speed in takeoff/landing configuration: 160..181 km/h
Dive speed limit: 850 km/h
Maximum load factor: 10.5 G
Stall angle of attack in flight configuration: 19.8 °
Stall angle of attack in landing configuration: 17 °

DB-605DB engine:

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency: 599 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 7500 m, engine mode - Emergency: 702 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat: 543 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 8000 m, engine mode - Combat: 684 km/h

Service ceiling: 12300 m
Climb rate at sea level: 20.5 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 17.5 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 13.4 m/s

Maximum performance turn at sea level: 24.0 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m: 32.2 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

DB-605DC engine:

Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Emergency: 614 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 6200 m, engine mode - Emergency: 713 km/h
Maximum true air speed at sea level, engine mode - Combat: 536 km/h
Maximum true air speed at 8000 m, engine mode - Combat: 684 km/h

Service ceiling: 12300 m
Climb rate at sea level: 19.7 m/s
Climb rate at 3000 m: 17.4 m/s
Climb rate at 6000 m: 13.3 m/s

Maximum performance turn at sea level: 24.2 s, at 270 km/h IAS.
Maximum performance turn at 3000 m: 32.3 s, at 270 km/h IAS.

Flight endurance at 3000 m: 2.15 h, at 350 km/h IAS.

Takeoff speed: 160..190 km/h
Glideslope speed: 200..215 km/h
Landing speed: 155..160 km/h
Landing angle: 12.5 °

Note 1: the data provided is for international standard atmosphere (ISA).
Note 2: flight performance ranges are given for possible aircraft mass ranges.
Note 3: maximum speeds, climb rates and turn times are given for standard aircraft mass.
Note 4: climb rates and turn times are given for Combat power.

Engine:
Model: DB-605DB
Maximum power in Emergency mode with MW-50 at sea level: 1850 HP
Maximum power in Emergency mode with MW-50 at 6000 m: 1600 HP
Maximum power in Combat mode at sea level: 1430 HP
Maximum power in Combat mode at 6800 m: 1285 HP

Engine modes:
Nominal (unlimited time): 2400 RPM, 1.35 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes): 2600 RPM, 1.45 ata
Emergency power (up to 10 minutes): 2800 RPM, 1.8 ata

Engine:
Model: DB-605DC
Maximum power in Emergency mode with MW-50 at sea level: 2000 HP
Maximum power in Emergency mode with MW-50 at 4900 m: 1800 HP
Maximum power in Combat mode at sea level: 1370 HP
Maximum power in Combat mode at 6800 m: 1285 HP

Engine modes:
Nominal (unlimited time): 2400 RPM, 1.35 ata
Combat power (up to 30 minutes): 2600 RPM, 1.45 ata
Emergency power (up to 10 minutes): 2800 RPM, 1.98 ata

Water rated temperature in engine output: 100..102 °C
Water maximum temperature in engine output: 115 °C
Oil rated temperature in engine intake: 70..80 °C
Oil maximum temperature in engine intake: 95 °C

Supercharger gear shift altitude: fluid coupling

Empty weight: 2754 kg
Minimum weight (no ammo, 10% fuel): 3006 kg
Standard weight: 3361 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 3891 kg
Fuel load: 304 kg / 400 l
Useful load: 1137 kg

Forward-firing armament:
30mm gun “MK 108”, 65 rounds, 650 rounds per minute, nose-mounted
2 x 13mm machine gun “MG 131”, 300 rounds, 900 rounds per minute, synchronized
2 x 20mm gun “MG 151/20”, 135 rounds, 700 rounds per minute, wing-mounted (modification)

Bombs:
249 kg general purpose bomb “SC 250”
500 kg general purpose bomb “SC 500”

Length: 8.94 m
Wingspan: 9.97 m
Wing surface: 16.1 m²

Combat debut: October 1944

Operation features:

• The aircraft has a wide automatization of the engine systems, in fact, to control speed it is only necessary to use the throttle lever. There is no need to manually set engine revolutions and mixture or supercharger gear in normal flight.
• The aircraft is equipped with MW-50 water-methanol mixture injection system that prevents the engine detonation in the emergency power mode. It engages automatically when the throttle is set to maximum, there is enough mixture for 25-30 minutes. However, the engine can work up to 10 minutes at this mode, wait for another 10 minutes at the combat mode before engaging the emergency mode again. Attention: running the engine at the emergency mode without the water-methanol mixture or at altitudes higher than 6 km is forbidden! A pilot can check the system using the injection pressure indicator on the left: its normal pressure is 0.6…0.7 atm, stop using it if the pressure is lower than 0.4 atm and switch the engine to combat mode.
• In addition to full-automatic mode there is a special manual control mode for the radiator shutters, which can be used in specific situations.
• To reduce swinging during taxiing due to prop-wash the prop pitch control should be switched to manual mode and pitch should be reduced to minimum.
• The aircraft has no flight-control trimmers. Airplane is equipped with bendable trim tabs that can be set pre-flight by ground personnel.
• The aircraft has a manually controlled horizontal stabilizer. It should be set to +1° before takeoff and to -4°…-5° before landing. Also, it may be used to trim the flight stick during the flight. In a deep dive the stabilizer should be set so that the pilot must push the flight stick forward to maintain the dive angle.
• The aircraft has automatic wing slats. They deploy when the high angle of attack increases which makes pre-stall softer.
• The aircraft has a manual mechanical system for retracting the landing flaps, for this reason it is necessary to extend landing flaps well before final approach. Markers on the left-wing flap indicate how far the flaps are extended. The flaps can be extended to any angle up to 40°.
• The aircraft has a manual tailwheel lock. Wheel should be locked when taxiing straight for a long distance and before takeoff and landing.
• The aircraft has independent left and right hydraulic wheel brake controls. To apply either brake push the upper part of the rudder pedal.
• The aircraft has a fuel gauge which shows total fuel remaining. Also, it has an emergency fuel warning light (80 liters).
• The design of the cockpit canopy does not allow it to be opened during flight. The canopy should be closed before takeoff to prevent damage. The canopy has an emergency release system for bailouts.
• The gunsight has a sliding sun-filter.

Basic data and recommended positions of the aircraft controls:

1. Starting the engine:
   • recommended position of the mixture control lever: auto mixture control
   • recommended position of the oil/water radiator control handle: auto radiators control
   • recommended position of the prop pitch control handle: auto prop pitch control
   • recommended position of the throttle lever: 10%
   • before taxiing, you must unlock the tailwheel

2. Recommended mixture control lever positions for various flight modes: auto mixture control

3. Recommended positions of the radiators control handle for various flight modes: auto radiators control

4. Approximate fuel consumption at 2000 m altitude:
   • Cruise engine mode: 6.6 l/min
   • Combat engine mode: 11.1 l/min

Modifications

1 x SC 250 bomb
249 kg General Purpose Bomb SC 250
Additional mass: 279 kg
Ammunition mass: 249 kg
Racks mass: 30 kg
Estimated speed loss before drop: 41 km/h
Estimated speed loss after drop: 14 km/h

300-liter Drop Tank
300-liter jettisonable fuel tank
Empty mass: 15 kg
Full mass: 237 kg
Fuel capacity: 300 l
Estimated speed loss before drop: 30 km/h
Estimated speed loss after drop: 10 km/h

2 x 20mm MG 151/20 gun pods
MG 151/20 20mm guns in wing-mounted gun pods with 135 rounds per each
Additional mass: 212 kg
Ammunition mass: 55 kg
Guns mass: 157 kg
Estimated speed loss: 17 km/h

1 x SC 500 bomb
500 kg General Purpose Bomb SC 500
Additional mass: 530 kg
Ammunition mass: 500 kg
Racks mass: 30 kg
Estimated speed loss before drop: 45 km/h
Estimated speed loss after drop: 13 km/h

DB 605 DC engine
DB 605 DC engine.
Additional mass: 0 kg
Estimated speed loss: 0 km/h